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Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield / Elevance (Commercial) · spinal cord stimulation

v1verified 2026-07-24manual-pull source

✓ conditional · commercial

Criteria checklist

0 of 6 ticked
Indications
  • enumerated: yes
  • covered:
      • name: Failed back surgery syndrome / post-surgical nerve-root injury
      • criteria:
        • pain: chronic intractable neuropathic trunk/limb pain after spine surgery
      • name: Lumbosacral arachnoiditis
      • criteria:
        • evidence: high CSF protein and/or MRI/myelography
      • name: CRPS I/II
      • criteria:
        • ref: Budapest criteria
        • plus: failed trial of regional sympathetic blocks
      • name: Painful diabetic neuropathy (heavily gated)
      • criteria:
        • duration months: 12
        • lower limb vas min: 5
        • upper limb vas max: 3
        • emg ncs: moderate-to-severe neuropathy
        • confirmatory specialist: PDN confirmed by >=1 other specialist (e.g., neurology)
        • bmi max: 35
        • hba1c max: 10
        • daily meq max: 120
        • also:
          • other neuropathy causes excluded
          • optimized medical mgmt
          • failed/intolerant >=2 drug categories
          • documented medical clearance
  • general severity gate:
    • pain min: 3/10
    • function: inability to perform >=2 ADLs/IADLs
    • documented pathology: required
  • investigational:
    • critical limb ischemia / peripheral vascular disease
    • refractory angina pectoris; heart failure
    • cancer-related pain
    • chronic nonsurgical low back pain (no prior lumbar surgery)
    • repeat SCS trial after a failed trial (except failed lead guidance from anatomy)
    • DRG stimulation for any non-CRPS indication; DRG when functioning/failed SCS already; simultaneous SCS + DRG
Conservative care
  • required: yes
  • min duration months: 6
  • satisfied by:
    • full course completed without significant improvement
    • contraindicated
  • modalities named:
    • physical therapy (or supervised home program)
    • pharmacologic (anti-inflammatory/analgesic, nerve stabilizers/muscle relaxants)
    • interventional blocks (epidural/facet/sympathetic) as appropriate
    • complementary (acupuncture/chiropractic/activity modification)
Trial
  • required: yes
  • min duration days: 3
  • success criteria:
    • logic: (pain_reduction OR analgesic_reduction) AND functional_improvement
    • pain reduction pct: 50
  • threshold is binding: yes
Psychological evaluation
  • required: yes
  • must clear: yes
  • note posture: clearance obtained pre-authorization
  • substance use exclusion: no evidence of existing untreated drug addiction
Quantity limits
  • applies: yes
  • surgical opinion: >=1 surgical opinion to rule out a surgically correctable lesion (excludes CRPS and PDN)
  • electrodes: lead may incorporate 4-8 electrodes
  • replacement: only when all permanent-implant criteria met AND a revision/removal trigger exists
Device / waveformagnostic
Payor-specific notes

Anthem/Elevance delegates SCS & DRG prior authorization to Carelon Medical Benefits Management (formerly AIM); the governing text is the Carelon "Interventional Pain Management" guideline (MSK01-0626.1, eff 2026-06-14), NOT an Anthem CG-SURG document. Materially STRICTER than Medicare NCD 160.7: a closed enumerated indication list, a binding 6-month multimodal conservative-care floor, a MANDATORY psychological evaluation COMPLETED before trial authorization (within 6 months; pending/referred not accepted) plus no untreated drug addiction, a binding >=3-day / >=50% trial gate, and a heavily-gated painful-diabetic-neuropathy pathway (HbA1c <=10, BMI <=35, <=120 MEq, EMG/NCS, confirmatory specialist). DRG is covered ONLY as an alternative to SCS for CRPS I/II lower-limb pain. Critical limb ischemia, angina, heart failure, cancer pain, and nonsurgical LBP (no prior surgery) are NOT medically necessary. Per-plan adoption dates vary. Source = actual fetched Carelon PDF (high confidence); re-pull that PDF to re-verify.

Ticks are a documentation aid — nothing is stored; they reset on reload.

Dot phrase

Lean narrative A&P attestation. `***` = fill-in. Every clinical assertion maps to a Carelon MSK01-0626.1 condition (Anthem/Elevance delegates SCS/DRG prior authorization to Carelon).

.SCSTRIALANTHEM
.SCSTRIALANTHEM

Assessment: *** — covered indication (select one): FBSS / post-surgical nerve-root injury
(chronic intractable neuropathic trunk or limb pain after spine surgery) | lumbosacral
arachnoiditis (high CSF protein and/or MRI/myelography) | CRPS I/II (Budapest criteria with
a failed trial of regional sympathetic blocks) | painful diabetic neuropathy, which
additionally requires >=12 months duration, lower-limb VAS >=5 with upper-limb VAS <=3,
EMG/NCS showing moderate-to-severe neuropathy, PDN confirmed by >=1 other specialist,
HbA1c <=10, BMI <=35, <=120 MEq/day, other causes of neuropathy excluded, optimized medical
management with failure of or intolerance to >=2 drug categories, and documented medical
clearance. Pain is >=3/10 and the patient is unable to perform >=2 ADLs/IADLs; documented
pathology is on file.

Medical necessity per Carelon MSK01-0626.1 (Interventional Pain Management, to which
Anthem/Elevance delegates this authorization): the patient has completed >=6 consecutive
months of physician-supervised multimodal conservative management — physical therapy or a
supervised home program, pharmacologic therapy, interventional blocks as appropriate, and
complementary measures — without significant improvement, or these were contraindicated:
*** . Psychological evaluation by a licensed mental-health provider was completed within
the 6 months preceding this trial request and clearance was obtained, with no evidence of
untreated drug addiction. At least one surgical opinion — *** — documents no surgically
correctable lesion (not applicable to CRPS or painful diabetic neuropathy).

Plan: Percutaneous SCS trial. Permanent implantation requires a trial of >=3 days with
>=50% reduction in pain or analgesic use together with documented functional improvement.
Risks, benefits, and alternatives discussed; consent obtained.

Where this payor diverges from the Medicare baseline

  • diagnosis line (enumerated indications; general severity gate; heavily gated PDN pathway)
  • psych-eval line (evaluation COMPLETED within 6 months pre-authorization; pending/referred not accepted)
  • conservative-care line (binding >=6-mo physician-supervised multimodal floor)
  • trial line (binding >=3-day / >=50% gate with required functional improvement)
  • surgical-opinion line (>=1 surgical opinion required; absent from the Medicare baseline)

Cautions

  • DRG stimulation covered only as an SCS alternative for CRPS I/II lower-limb pain. Not covered (investigational per Carelon): critical limb ischemia / peripheral vascular disease, refractory angina, heart failure, cancer-related pain, chronic nonsurgical low back pain (no prior lumbar surgery), repeat SCS trial after a failed trial. Regenerate if `anthem-commercial-scs.md` `version` advances past `source_version` above.

Prior-auth pathway

  • required: yes
  • pathway: Carelon Medical Benefits Management prior authorization

Provenance

  • authority:
    • type: commercial_policy
    • id: Carelon MSK01-0626.1
    • title: Carelon Interventional Pain Management — Spinal Cord and Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulators
    • delegated by: Anthem / Elevance Health
    • applies because: Anthem delegates SCS/DRG prior-authorization to Carelon Medical Benefits Management (formerly AIM Specialty Health); no standalone Anthem CG-SURG SCS policy governs dorsal-column SCS
    • supplements: Commercial UM guideline; per-plan adoption date may vary
  • source: https://guidelines.carelonmedicalbenefitsmanagement.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/PDF-Interventional-Pain-Management-2026-06-14.pdf
  • archived copy: sources/carelon_interventional-pain-mgmt_2026-06-14.pdf (sha256 70ebcaf53e7b… — kept in the content repo, not served here)
  • effective: 2026-06-14 · payor last reviewed: 2025-10-09 · we verified: 2026-07-24 · v1

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Change history

  • 2026-07-24commercial cells: re-verify 27 source PDFs by SHA-256 (Carelon/eviCore/UHC/Cigna) - all unchanged vs committed archive; last_verified -> 2026-07-24 3615c231f0
  • 2026-06-30Archive commercial source PDFs into sources/ + wire source_file/source_hash c5466694c8
  • 2026-06-28Add Anthem/Elevance Commercial SCS cell (Carelon-delegated) 78aebf9b66